Cell Structure and Function – Cell Theory & Organelles Quiz - ICSE Class 11 Biology
Free practice quiz: Cell Structure and Function – Cell Theory & Organelles (ICSE Class 11 Biology). 50 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.
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Which of the following organelles is primarily responsible for the synthesis of steroid hormones and detoxification of drugs and poisons in eukaryotic cells?
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi Apparatus
- Lysosomes
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Answer: B. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, and detoxification of drugs and poisons. The Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis and modification.
Which scientist is credited with the invention of the microscope, leading to the discovery of cells?
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- Robert Hooke
- Matthias Schleiden
- Theodor Schwann
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Answer: B. Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke, in 1665, was the first to observe and describe cells using a microscope he built. He famously coined the term 'cell' after observing the structure of cork.
Which cellular component is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the assembly of ribosomal subunits?
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi Apparatus
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Answer: B. Nucleolus
The nucleolus is a specialized structure within the nucleus that is the primary site of rRNA synthesis and the assembly of ribosomal proteins into functional ribosomes.
The membrane-bound sacs containing hydrolytic enzymes that break down macromolecules and cellular waste are called:
- Vacuoles
- Lysosomes
- Peroxisomes
- Vesicles
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Answer: B. Lysosomes
Lysosomes are organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes that digest various biomolecules and waste products within the cell. They are formed from the Golgi apparatus.
The historical development of the cell theory involved contributions from several scientists. Which of these statements accurately reflects this development?
- Hooke discovered cells, Schleiden and Schwann proposed all organisms are made of cells, and Virchow added that cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- Schleiden and Schwann discovered the nucleus, while Hooke identified cell division.
- Virchow first observed cells, leading to the theory that all cells are similar.
- Leeuwenhoek proposed that cells are the basic units of life, and Hooke discovered organelles.
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Answer: A. Hooke discovered cells, Schleiden and Schwann proposed all organisms are made of cells, and Virchow added that cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Robert Hooke first observed and named cells. Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann formulated the idea that all plants and animals are composed of cells. Rudolf Virchow later contributed the principle that all cells come from pre-existing cells.