Cell – Structure & Function Quiz - ICSE Class 10 Biology
Free practice quiz: Cell – Structure & Function (ICSE Class 10 Biology). 51 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.
Play all 51 questions freeSample questions
Mitochondria are often referred to as the 'powerhouses' of the cell. Which of the following processes primarily occurs within mitochondria to generate ATP, the cell's main energy currency?
- Photosynthesis
- Glycolysis
- Cellular Respiration (Krebs Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation)
- Fermentation
Show answer
Answer: C. Cellular Respiration (Krebs Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation)
Mitochondria are the primary sites of cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce a large amount of ATP. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, and fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm when oxygen is absent.
The cell wall, present in plant cells, fungi, and bacteria, provides structural support and protection. In plant cells, the primary component of the cell wall is cellulose. What is cellulose?
- A protein
- A lipid
- A polysaccharide
- A nucleic acid
Show answer
Answer: C. A polysaccharide
Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate, specifically a polysaccharide made up of repeating glucose units linked by beta glycosidic bonds. It provides rigidity and strength to plant cell walls.
Glycoproteins and glycolipids on the outer surface of the plasma membrane play important roles in cell recognition, cell adhesion, and as receptors for signaling molecules. These molecules are formed through modifications in which organelle?
- Nucleolus
- Golgi apparatus
- Lysosome
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Show answer
Answer: B. Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is central to the further processing, modification (like glycosylation), sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids synthesized in the ER, including the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids for the cell surface.
The structure of a cell wall in plants is primarily composed of cellulose, providing rigidity. What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?
- To store genetic material.
- To provide a barrier against pathogens.
- To facilitate communication and transport between adjacent plant cells.
- To generate ATP through cellular respiration.
Show answer
Answer: C. To facilitate communication and transport between adjacent plant cells.
Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels that traverse the cell walls of plant cells, enabling direct cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells. They allow for the passage of water, small solutes, and even macromolecules, facilitating intercellular communication and transport.
In plant cells, the plasma membrane is surrounded by a rigid cell wall. What is the primary function of this cell wall?
- To synthesize proteins.
- To regulate the passage of all substances into the cell.
- To provide structural support, maintain cell shape, and prevent excessive water uptake.
- To generate energy through photosynthesis.
Show answer
Answer: C. To provide structural support, maintain cell shape, and prevent excessive water uptake.
The plant cell wall, composed mainly of cellulose, is a rigid outer layer that protects the cell, provides structural support, and prevents the cell from bursting when it absorbs too much water (due to osmosis). The plasma membrane still regulates the passage of most substances.