Endocrine & Reproductive Systems Quiz - ICSE Class 10 Biology
Free practice quiz: Endocrine & Reproductive Systems (ICSE Class 10 Biology). 53 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.
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Which endocrine gland, often called the 'master gland', regulates the activity of many other endocrine glands by secreting tropic hormones?
- Thyroid gland
- Adrenal gland
- Pituitary gland
- Pancreas
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Answer: C. Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and is responsible for secreting hormones that control other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, adrenal glands, and reproductive organs.
Diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination, is usually caused by a deficiency in which hormone or a problem with its receptor?
- Insulin
- Glucagon
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- Thyroxine
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Answer: C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys. A deficiency in ADH (central diabetes insipidus) or the kidneys' inability to respond to it (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) leads to the inability to concentrate urine and excessive water loss.
During spermatogenesis, the diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid spermatids are called:
- Spermatogonia
- Primary spermatocytes
- Secondary spermatocytes
- Spermatids
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Answer: B. Primary spermatocytes
Spermatogenesis begins with diploid spermatogonia. These differentiate into primary spermatocytes, which are diploid cells that enter meiosis I. Meiosis I produces two haploid secondary spermatocytes, and meiosis II of these produces four haploid spermatids.
During oogenesis, the haploid cell that develops into an ovum after fertilization is the:
- Oogonium
- Primary oocyte
- Secondary oocyte
- Polar body
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Answer: C. Secondary oocyte
Oogenesis begins with diploid oogonia. These differentiate into primary oocytes, which arrest in meiosis I. Upon ovulation, the secondary oocyte begins meiosis II, which is completed only upon fertilization, forming a mature ovum and a second polar body.
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is crucial for the 'fight-or-flight' response, leading to increased heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose release?
- Cortisol
- Aldosterone
- Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
- Insulin
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Answer: C. Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is a key hormone released by the adrenal medulla in response to stress. It prepares the body for immediate action by increasing heart rate, constricting blood vessels in non-essential areas, dilating blood vessels in muscles, and mobilizing glucose for energy.