First Phase of National Movement (1885‑1907) – INC foundation, early leaders Quiz - ICSE Class 10 History & Civics

Free practice quiz: First Phase of National Movement (1885‑1907) – INC foundation, early leaders (ICSE Class 10 History & Civics). 39 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.

Sample questions

1. The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885. Who is widely regarded as the 'Father of the Indian National Congress'?

   1. Mahatma Gandhi
   2. Lala Lajpat Rai
   3. Lord William Bentinck
   4. Allan Octavian Hume
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   Answer: D. Allan Octavian Hume

   Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, played a pivotal role in the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885 and is thus considered its father.

2. Who among the following was NOT a prominent leader of the early phase of the INC?

   1. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
   2. Surendranath Banerjea
   3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
   4. Pherozeshah Mehta
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   Answer: C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak

   Bal Gangadhar Tilak, along with Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal, formed the triumvirate of Extremist leaders who emerged later, advocating for more assertive methods.

3. Who among the following was known for his critical analysis of the Indian Civil Service (ICS) and advocated for Indianization of the services at higher levels during the early phase?

   1. Mahadev Govind Ranade
   2. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
   3. Surendranath Banerjea
   4. Pherozeshah Mehta
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   Answer: C. Surendranath Banerjea

   Surendranath Banerjea, an early nationalist leader, was a vocal critic of the discriminatory practices within the Indian Civil Service and actively campaigned for greater Indian entry and representation at higher administrative levels.

4. The INC's early resolutions often focused on administrative and economic reforms. Which of the following was a recurring demand concerning the Indian legislature?

   1. Abolition of all legislative councils.
   2. Granting of full legislative powers to elected Indian representatives.
   3. Increasing the size and powers of the Legislative Councils.
   4. Replacing legislative councils with direct rule by the people.
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   Answer: C. Increasing the size and powers of the Legislative Councils.

   The Moderates consistently sought to expand the role and powers of the existing Legislative Councils, advocating for greater Indian membership and more substantial legislative authority, rather than advocating for their immediate abolition or a complete overhaul.

5. The Indian Councils Act of 1892, a result of INC's persistent demands, made which of the following changes?

   1. It introduced direct elections and universal suffrage.
   2. It significantly increased the number of elected Indian members and introduced indirect elections.
   3. It abolished the Viceroy's Executive Council.
   4. It granted full responsible government to Indian legislatures.
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   Answer: B. It significantly increased the number of elected Indian members and introduced indirect elections.

   The Indian Councils Act of 1892 was a moderate reform that increased the number of non-official members in the Imperial and Provincial Legislative Councils and introduced the principle of indirect election, albeit with limited franchise. It did not grant direct elections or responsible government.

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