Chemical Bonding Quiz - ICSE Class 10 Chemistry
Free practice quiz: Chemical Bonding (ICSE Class 10 Chemistry). 51 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.
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Which of the following statements about ionic bonds is INCORRECT?
- Ionic bonds are formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- Ionic compounds typically have high melting and boiling points due to strong electrostatic forces.
- Ionic compounds are generally soluble in nonpolar solvents.
- In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
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Answer: C. Ionic compounds are generally soluble in nonpolar solvents.
Ionic compounds are polar in nature due to the presence of charged ions. Polar substances tend to dissolve in polar solvents, while nonpolar substances dissolve in nonpolar solvents. Therefore, ionic compounds are generally soluble in polar solvents like water and insoluble in nonpolar solvents like hexane.
Which of the following factors influences the polarity of a covalent bond?
- The number of lone pairs of electrons on an atom.
- The ionization energy of the atoms involved.
- The electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms.
- The atomic radius of the bonded atoms.
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Answer: C. The electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms.
The polarity of a covalent bond is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms forming the bond. A larger electronegativity difference leads to a more polar covalent bond, as electrons are unequally shared. While lone pairs influence molecular polarity, electronegativity difference is the direct cause of bond polarity. Ionization energy and atomic radius play roles in bond formation but not directly in determining bond polarity itself.
The process of forming a coordinate covalent bond involves:
- Transfer of one electron from each atom.
- Sharing of electrons where both electrons come from the same atom.
- Sharing of electrons where each atom contributes one electron.
- Electrostatic attraction between ions.
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Answer: B. Sharing of electrons where both electrons come from the same atom.
A coordinate covalent bond (also known as a dative bond) is a type of covalent bond where one atom provides both electrons for the shared pair. This occurs when one atom has a lone pair of electrons and another atom has an empty orbital.
Which type of bonding is responsible for the properties of metals like malleability and ductility?
- Ionic bonding
- Covalent bonding
- Metallic bonding
- Hydrogen bonding
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Answer: C. Metallic bonding
Metallic bonding involves a lattice of metal cations surrounded by a 'sea' of delocalized electrons. These mobile electrons allow metal atoms to slide past each other without breaking the bonds, resulting in malleability (ability to be hammered into thin sheets) and ductility (ability to be drawn into wires).
What is the primary type of bond present in a molecule of silicon dioxide (SiO₂)?
- Ionic bond
- Metallic bond
- Covalent bond
- Hydrogen bond
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Answer: C. Covalent bond
Silicon and oxygen are both non-metals. While there is a significant electronegativity difference (Si ≈ 1.90, O ≈ 3.44), the formation of SiO₂ results in a network covalent solid where silicon atoms are covalently bonded to oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. The large network structure means it's not a discrete molecule in the same sense as H₂O or CO₂, but the bonding within the structure is primarily covalent.