Thermodynamics Quiz - CBSE Class 11 Science
Free practice quiz: Thermodynamics (CBSE Class 11 Science). 20 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.
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Which of the following is NOT a state function?
- Internal energy
- Enthalpy
- Heat
- Entropy
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Answer: C. Heat
State functions depend only on the initial and final states of the system, not the path taken. Heat and work are path functions, not state functions.
What is an adiabatic process?
- A process that occurs at constant temperature.
- A process that occurs at constant pressure.
- A process that occurs at constant volume.
- A process that occurs without heat exchange with the surroundings.
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Answer: D. A process that occurs without heat exchange with the surroundings.
In an adiabatic process, there is no heat transfer (q=0).
What is Gibbs Free Energy?
- A measure of the total energy of a system.
- A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system.
- A measure of the spontaneity of a reaction.
- A measure of the heat capacity of a system.
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Answer: C. A measure of the spontaneity of a reaction.
Gibbs Free Energy (G) determines the spontaneity of a reaction at constant temperature and pressure. A negative ΔG indicates a spontaneous reaction.
How does the efficiency of a Carnot engine depend on the temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs?
- It is independent of the temperatures.
- It increases with increasing temperature difference between the reservoirs.
- It decreases with increasing temperature difference between the reservoirs.
- It is only dependent on the temperature of the hot reservoir.
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Answer: B. It increases with increasing temperature difference between the reservoirs.
The efficiency of a Carnot engine is given by 1 - (Tc/Th), where Tc and Th are the absolute temperatures of the cold and hot reservoirs, respectively. A larger temperature difference leads to higher efficiency.
Explain the difference between an endothermic and an exothermic process.
- Endothermic processes release heat, while exothermic processes absorb heat.
- Endothermic processes absorb heat, while exothermic processes release heat.
- Both processes release heat.
- Both processes absorb heat.
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Answer: B. Endothermic processes absorb heat, while exothermic processes release heat.
Endothermic processes absorb heat from their surroundings, resulting in a decrease in temperature. Exothermic processes release heat to their surroundings, resulting in an increase in temperature.